The clue to this came from another marine bacterium, and it's a bacterium called Vibrio fischeri.

That disease is caused by bacteria.

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So, the bacteria grows hair on the crab.

Hygromycin B is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus .

We're not the first ones to have to protect ourselves from some bacteria.

And so this particular bacterium is actually visible to the naked eye.

Because the bacteria we was had no idea of what we are today.

The first is to create a kind of balloon structure, fill it with bacteria, then allow the sand to wash over the balloon, pop the balloon, as it were, disseminating the bacteria into the sand and solidifying it.

A bacterium, which has no consciousness at all, wants to move towards light.

The first thing that we ever read was in 1995 a little bacteria called Haemophilus influenzae.

Here was one of the first things they built.

And what you're looking at with this namibiensis is the biggest bacteria we've ever seen.

Now this bacterium is part of mats that are found off the coast of Chile.

What was actually interesting to us was not that the bacteria made light, but when the bacteria made light.

They either pop the bacterial membrane, they make the bacterium so it can't replicate its DNA.

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What the important thing is that we learned is that every bacterium has exactly the same enzyme and makes exactly the same molecule.

We should have known that this existed because this is the only bacteria that you can see to the naked eye.

BL The white material is a type of bacteria that thrives at 180 degrees C.

Already what were thought to be bacteria for generations have been found to compose, instead, two great domains of microorganisms true bacteria and one celled organisms the archaea, which are closer than other bacteria to the eukaryota, the group that we belong to.

The toxin that causes diphtheria is produced by a normally benign bacterium when infected with a certain virus.

It's a natural process. It goes on in nature today, and the bacteria die as soon as we stop feeding them.

What you're looking at on this slide is just a person from my lab holding a flask of a liquid culture of a bacterium, a harmless beautiful bacterium that comes from the ocean, named Vibrio fischeri.

And in fact, the smallest unit of matter that can evolve independently is, in fact, a single cell a bacteria.

So, hopefully, we will go from being the art of medicine more to the science of medicine, and be able to do what they do in infectious disease, which is look at that organism, that bacteria, and then say, This antibiotic makes sense, because you have a particular bacteria that will respond to it.

It's different when a bacteria comes into the body that's a foreign object we want that out.

Already it is possible to sequence the entire genetic code of a bacterium in under four hours.

And so we use a virus that's a non toxic virus called M13 bacteriophage that's job is to infect bacteria.

What we now know is that if we treat the animal with a pathogenic bacterium a multi drug resistant pathogenic bacterium in the same time we give our anti quorum sensing molecule, in fact, the animal lives.

Two billion people worldwide carry the bacterium that causes TB, one in ten of whom will develop the disease.

Vaccines protecting against Helicobacter pylori and hepC are in development (although the latter is proving particularly challenging).

What you know is that when that bacterium gets into the animal, in this case, a mouse, it doesn't initiate virulence right away.

The pH of 11, and yet it had chemosynthetic bacteria living in it and at this extreme environment.

If the acute AI is due to aortic valve endocarditis, there is a risk that the new valve may become seeded with bacteria.

Each bacteria uses a particular molecule that's its language that allows it to count its own siblings.

This bacterium has the special property that it makes light, so it makes bioluminescence, like fireflies make light.

But the researchers found that the bacteria, discovered in Mono Lake, Calif., is able to continue to grow after substituting arsenic for phosphorous.

My response is a sandstone wall made from bacteria and solidified sand, stretching across the desert.

Some strains of this bacterium are pathogenic to humans as it is strongly associated with peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis, duodenitis, and stomach cancer.

But with synthetic biology, we can actually imagine engineering this bacterium to produce something that gives us the quality, quantity and shape of material that we desire.

Their bodies had been totally taken over by another organism, a bacterium, that had figured out how to replicate photosynthesis in the dark, through a process we now call chemosynthesis.

What they're getting at is that on the back of this crab the foodstuff here is this very strange bacteria that lives on the backs of all these animals.

This transfer of genetic sequences from parasites to hosts could involve hundreds of genes for a bacterium in different hosts.

Can you imagine? From that stupid bacteria to us, with a microphone, with a computer, with an iPod four billion years.